April 2008
Scottish-Crossbill02

I first photographed Scottish Crossbill back in the 1970’s. At that time the sedentary Scottish bird was recognised as a subspecies of the Common Crossbill, an irruptive European species, which in some years can arrive in large numbers and breed in coniferous woodland throughout the UK. Recently Scottish Crossbill has been given species status. As such it is Scotland’s only endemic species and is mainly restricted to the pine forests of the Northern Highlands.

Despite being fairly confiding birds they are difficult to get close to as they spend most of their time feeding high in the canopy of the pines. This male was low down guarding his female from the attentions of other unattached males nearby whilst she was down on the ground gathering nesting material.

Male-Scottish-Crossbill

 Despite the cold weather this pair of Scottish Crossbills raised a brood of four young before the end of the month. For more than a week around the time that the young hatched the hilltop nest site was blanketed with snow. As Crossbills feed almost exclusively on the seed from cone-bearing pines and spruces their food source is still accessible whatever the weather.

Female-Scottish-Crossbill
Scottish-Wood ant

Wood Ants become active in April as soon as the daytime temperatures start rise. This early in the season the ants can often be found massed on the surface of the nest mound. It is a good time to attempt photography as the ants are still quite torpid and much easier to frame up.

Hairy-Wood ant

Individual Wood ant species are notoriously difficult to correctly identify in the field. I am fairly sure that I have here examples of the Scottish Wood Ant Formica aquilonia (top) and the Hairy Wood Ant Formica lugubris (lower). I took a sample of few ants from each nest as part of a Highland Wood Ant survey. At least I will have the bonus of having my identification confirmed by an expert

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